impact of toxic heavy metals on the hematological parameters in common carp [Cyprinus carpio L.]

The aim of the present investigation was to determine the effect of heavy metal pollutants such as cadmium, chromium, nickel and lead in aquatic system on common carp [Cyprinus carpio L.] by using a set of biochemical parameters. The experimental group of fish was exposed to a sublethal concentration of 5 mg/L of combined [Cd+Pb+Cr+Ni] metal solution containing 1.25 mg/L of each metal ion [1/10th of LC 50/48 h] for a period of 32 days. The results indicated that the values of the hemoglobin were in the range of 55.30 +/- 1.20 g/L to 74.55 +/- 1.33 g/L [p < 0.001] and the packed cell volume was in the range of 26.72 +/- 0.26% to 30.68 +/- 0.43% [p < 0.01]. Concentrations of red blood cells, blood glucose and total cholesterol were significantly elevated. The level of serum iron and copper was increased. The results showed the decreased activity of vitamin C during chronic exposure to toxic heavy metals, which indicates the presence of reactive oxygen species-induced peroxidation. The study suggested that the presence of toxic heavy metals in aquatic environment has strong influence on the hematological parameters in the fresh water fish common carp [Cyprinus carpio L.]

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish Cyprinus carpio [Common carp]

The objective of the present study is to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in various organs of the fresh water fish exposed to heavy metal contaminated water system. The experimental fish was exposed to Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb at sublethal concentrations for periods of 32 days. The elements Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr were assayed using Shimadzu AA 6200 atomic absorption spectrophotometery and the results were given as mg/g dry wt. The accumulation of heavy metal gradually increases in liver during the heavy metal exposure period. All the results were statistically significant at p < 0.001. The order of heavy metal accumulation in the gills and liver was Cd > Pb > Ni > Cr and Pb > Cd > Ni > Cr. Similarly, in case of kidney and flesh tissues, the order was Pb > Cd > Cr > Ni and Pb > Cr > Cd > Ni. In all heavy metals, the bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium proportion was significantly increased in the tissues of Cyprinus carpio [Common carp]